Thai National Parks

Species of Thailand

Green grass frog

Hylarana erythraea

Hermann Schlegel, 1837

In Thai: เขียดบัว

The common green frog (Hylarana erythraea) is a frog species of in the true frog family Ranidae; some sources still use the old name Rana erythraea. It lives in Southeast Asia and is also known as green paddy frog, red-eared frog or leaf frog. The last name, however, commonly refers to the Neotropical tree frogs which make up the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. These are not closely related to H. erythraea, belonging to family Hylidae instead.

Taxonomy and systematics

Long placed in Rana, it is only as closely related to this genus as is e.g. Amolops. Consequently, the genus Hylarana, of which the common green frog is the type species, warrants re-establishment. Hylarana seems to form a clade together with the similarly revalidated genera Pulchrana and Sylvirana, and presumably also Hydrophylax as well as some species presently placed in Pelophylax (e.g. Kokarit Frog, "P." lateralis).

This frog has confused researchers for a long time, as it resembles tree frogs in habitus. It was initially placed in the tree frog genus Hyla. The junior synonyms of the common green frog are:

  • Hyla erythraea Schlegel, 1837
  • Hylorana erythraea (lapsus)
  • Limnodytes erythraeus (Schlegel, 1837)
  • Polypedates erythraea (Schlegel, 1837)
  • Rana erythraea (Schlegel, 1837)

Description

Male Hylarana erythraea grow to a snout–vent length of 30 - 45 mm and females to 50 - 75 mm. Tadpoles are up to 36 mm in length. They have smooth skin that is bright green above and on sides. Tympanum is distinct.

Distribution and ecology

H. erythraea occurs in Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Introduced populations are found on Sulawesi and the Philippines. The similar frogs from northeastern India and adjacent regions, formerly included here, are now separated as Hylarana tytleri.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, irrigated land, seasonally flooded agricultural land, and introduced vegetation.

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Scientific classification

Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Class
Amphibia
Order
Anura
Family
Ranidae
Genus
Hylarana
Species
Hylarana erythraea

Common names

  • English:
    • Green grass frog
    • Green paddy frog
    • Leaf frog
    • Common green frog
    • Green-backed frog
    • Red-eared frog
  • Thai: เขียดบัว

Synonyms

  • Rana erythraea, Hermann Schlegel (1837)
  • Polypedates erythraea, Hermann Schlegel (1837)
  • Limnodytes erythraeus, Hermann Schlegel (1837)
  • Hyla erythraea, Hermann Schlegel (1837)
  • Hylorana erythraea

Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN3.1)

Least Concern (IUCN3.1)

Photos

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Hylarana erythraea - Mueang Krabi District
Hylarana erythraea - Kanchanadit District, Surat Thani
Hylarana erythraea - Mueang Krabi District
Hylarana erythraea - Kaeng Krachan National Park
Hylarana erythraea - Kaeng Krachan National Park

Range Map

Distribution map of Green grass frog, Hylarana erythraea in Thailand
  • Bang Lang National Park
  • Bueng Khong Long District, Bueng Kan
  • Hua Hin District, Prachuap Khiri Khan
  • Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Huai Yang Waterfall National Park
  • Kaeng Krachan National Park
  • Kanchanadit District, Surat Thani
  • Khao Phanom Bencha National Park
  • Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park
  • Khao Saming District, Trat
  • Khao Yai Da
  • Khao Yai National Park
  • Ko Pha Ngan
  • Ko Samui District, Surat Thani
  • Ko Yao District, Phang Nga
  • Mae Rim District, Chiang Mai
  • Mueang Nong Khai District, Nong Khai
  • Mueang Phetchabun District, Phetchabun
  • Mueang Phetchaburi District, Phetchaburi
  • Mueang Phuket District, Phuket
  • Non Daeng District, Nakhon Ratchasima
  • Pak Thong Chai District, Nakhon Ratchasima
  • Phu Wiang District, Khon Kaen
  • Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Sakaerat Environmental Research Station
  • San Sai District, Chiang Mai
  • Suan Phueng District, Ratchaburi
  • Takua Pa District, Phang Nga
  • Tarutao National Marine Park
  • Tha Mai District, Chanthaburi
  • Tha Takiap District, Chachoengsao
  • Thale Ban National Park
  • Thepha District, Songkhla
  • Thung Yai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary
  • U Thong District, Suphan Buri
Range map of Hylarana erythraea in Thailand